Introduction APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) are the backbone of modern web and mobile applications, enabling seamless data exchange between systems. However, with increased API usage comes heightened security risks. One of the most prevalent and dangerous API vulnerabilities is Broken Object Level Authorization (BOLA), also known as Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR). BOLA occurs when an API…
Introduction In today’s interconnected digital world, APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) serve as the backbone of data exchange between systems. However, one of the most common yet overlooked security risks is Excessive Data Exposure, where APIs return more information than necessary. This vulnerability can lead to data breaches, privacy violations, and compliance failures, making it a critical concern…
Introduction In today’s digital world, web applications rely heavily on session management to maintain user authentication and state. Session tokens (or session IDs) are used to identify users after login, allowing seamless interaction without repeated authentication. However, if these tokens are intercepted or stolen, attackers can launch session replay attacks—a serious security threat where an attacker…
Introduction APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) are the backbone of modern web and mobile applications, enabling seamless communication between different software systems. However, insecure API endpoints pose a significant security risk, often leading to data breaches, unauthorized access, and financial losses. Many organizations fail to implement proper authentication mechanisms, leaving APIs vulnerable to exploitation. This blog explores the dangers…
Introduction Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is widely regarded as a critical security measure to protect against unauthorized access. By requiring users to provide multiple forms of verification—such as passwords, SMS codes, biometrics, or hardware tokens—MFA significantly reduces the risk of account compromise. However, MFA is not foolproof. Attackers have developed sophisticated techniques to bypass MFA, exploiting…
Introduction Session management is a critical aspect of web application security. When sessions are not properly managed, they can become a significant vulnerability, allowing attackers to hijack user sessions and gain unauthorized access to sensitive data. One of the most common session-related security issues is improper session timeout configuration. In this comprehensive guide, we will…
Introduction In today’s digital age, cybersecurity threats are evolving rapidly, and one of the oldest yet most effective attack methods is the Brute Force Attack. These attacks exploit weak login mechanisms by systematically guessing passwords until the correct one is found. Despite advancements in security, many organizations and individuals still fall victim to brute force attacks…
Introduction In today’s digital landscape, cyber threats are evolving at an alarming rate. Among these threats, credential stuffing has emerged as one of the most pervasive and damaging attack methods. Unlike brute-force attacks that rely on trial-and-error password guessing, credential stuffing leverages previously leaked username and password combinations from past data breaches to gain unauthorized access to…
Introduction Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized industries, automating tasks, enhancing decision-making, and improving efficiency. However, as AI systems become more integrated into applications, security vulnerabilities emerge. One such critical vulnerability is prompt injection, a technique where attackers manipulate AI models by crafting malicious inputs to produce unintended or harmful outputs. Prompt injection attacks exploit the way…
Introduction In the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity, attackers constantly look for vulnerabilities to exploit. While most organizations focus on patching software bugs or securing user credentials, a quieter and equally dangerous threat often flies under the radar—subdomain squatting. This attack vector involves hijacking unused or misconfigured subdomains to distribute malware, steal credentials, or launch sophisticated…
